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Full form of PSLV

The full form of PSLV is Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle. It is India's third generation launch vehicle. It is the country's first liquid launch vehicle. After its first successful launch in October 1994, PSLV has emerged as India's reliable and flexible launch vehicle with 39 consecutive successful launches till June 2017.

Between 1994 and 2017, the vehicle launched 48 Indian spacecraft and 209 satellites for international customers. In addition, the vehicle officially sent two spacecraft to the Moon and Mars, Chandrayaan-1 in 2008 and the Mars Orbiter Spacecraft in 2013. The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) developed and operated the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), an expendable medium-lift launch vehicle vehicle (ISRO).

A variation on a polar satellite launch vehicle

ISRO has developed five PSLV models with payload sizes ranging from 600 kilograms in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) to 1,900 kilograms in Sun Synchronous Orbit (SSO). The PSLV is a normal type capable of carrying a 1,678 kg payload for a distance of 622 kilometers to SSO (Sun Synchronous Orbit).

PSLV (1), PSLV (2) and PSLV (3) are the three sub-variants.

PSLV launch vehicle design

The PSLV was to be 450 meters tall with a diameter of 2.8 meters. It has an inertial guidance system to perform navigation, guidance and altitude control missions.

The pitch and roll of the vehicle are controlled during the thrust phase of the rigid booster by injecting an aqueous solution of strontium perchlorate into the nozzle to form a secondary injection vector control (SITVC) system that regulates pitch gain.

In addition, the vehicle has two cylindrical aluminum fuel injection tanks attached to the solid rocket boosters.

During the first stage, pressure thrusters (RCTs) were also installed for pitch control.

PSLV – XL launch description

  • At T+0, PS1 fires and produces a thrust of 4846 kN
  • Four of the six boosters ignite on the ground during T+1, each delivering 703 kN of thrust. The combined drive of PSOM and PS1 generates a total thrust of 7658 kN
  • The last two illuminated boosters are air-illuminated around T+23/26, bringing the rocket to its maximum thrust potential
  • The first four ground-illuminated PSOMs have spent fuel and are currently separating and falling into the ocean at T+1:10. PS1 and the remaining two PSOMs are continue to burn.
  • The final two PSOMs complete their 70-second burn and separate at T+1:35, placing the missile in a Core-Alone configuration
  • PS1 separates at T+1:50, after completing the 110 second burn and the Vikas Engine inside PS2 fires
  • Stage two fires for about 130 seconds before shutting down and separating at T+4 minutes
  • The third stage, the rocket motor launcher, burns for 80 seconds before coasting for the rest of the time until it separates, and the fourth stage fires to give the rocket a grand attempt at orbit at about T+8/10 minutes.
  • Stage 4 burn times vary greatly depending on the size and amount of payload, though it normally lasts around 500 seconds. Around T+16/18 minutes the 4th stage can shut down, they tried to follow the payload deployment.

PSLV research and development

The PSLV was developed at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Center (VSSC) in Kerala in the early 1990s. The PSLV had its maiden flight on 20 September 1993, but even so the launch mission failed due to altitude control failure in the second and third stages.

  1. In October 1994, the PSLV successfully launched the IRS-P2 satellite into the SSO for the first time. The launch took place from the company's SHAR launch center in Sriharikota. 1996, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011 were all great starts.
  2. The PSLV was India's most popular launch vehicle for launch vehicles, especially the LEO and Chandrayaan programs.
  3. On 15 July 2011, ISRO launched GSAT-12 from the Satish Dhawan Space Center on a PSLV-C17 rocket.
  4. In October 2011, the Megha-Tropiques project was launched on the PSLV-C18 payload to explore the tropical atmosphere. In April 2012, PSLV-C19 launched the RISAT-1 satellite.
  5. In September 2012, PSLV-C21 launched the SPOT 6 satellite and the Japanese nanosatellite PROITERES.
  6. In February 2013, PSLV-C20, a derivative of PSLV-CA, launched the Indo-French SARAL satellite and six commercial payload satellites. ISRO's 23rd PSLV mission was launched with the launch of SARAL.