NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 5 Morphology of Flowering Plants
The NCERT Exemplar for Class 11 Biology Chapter 5, Morphology of Flowering Plants, is an essential resource that strengthens students’ understanding of plant form and structure. This chapter deals with the study of external features of flowering plants, also known as angiosperms. By solving Exemplar questions, students can connect textbook theory with practical applications, making it especially useful for board exams and competitive exams like NEET. The chapter begins with the basic body plan of flowering plants, focusing on root, stem, and leaf. Each organ is studied in terms of its structure, types, modifications, and functions. The NCERT Exemplar questions encourage learners to go beyond memorization and apply knowledge in problem-solving.
Roots are the primary focus, with explanations about tap roots, fibrous roots, and adventitious roots. Exemplar questions test understanding of modifications such as storage roots in carrot and turnip, prop roots in banyan, and pneumatophores in mangroves. These questions help students relate morphology to adaptation and ecological importance.
Stems are described as the main axis of the plant, supporting leaves, flowers, and fruits. Students learn about underground, subaerial, and aerial stem modifications. The Exemplar includes application-based questions, for example, identifying potato as a stem tuber due to the presence of nodes and internodes, or explaining how tendrils support climbing plants.
Leaves are the chief photosynthetic organs of plants. This section introduces simple and compound leaves, venation patterns, phyllotaxy, and leaf modifications. Exemplar questions test the ability to differentiate between types of leaves and their adaptive modifications, such as spines in cacti for protection or pitcher-shaped leaves in insectivorous plants.
Inflorescence and flowers form the reproductive parts of plants. Students learn about racemose and cymose inflorescences, floral symmetry, aestivation, placentation, and the structure of essential floral whorls. NCERT Exemplar problems often involve the identification of plant families based on floral formulae and diagrams, which requires both memorization and logical application.
Fruits and seeds are studied in detail, including simple, aggregate, and multiple fruits. Exemplar questions test knowledge of special fruits like drupe, berry, and capsule. Similarly, seed types—dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous—are analyzed with questions focusing on structural differences and examples. The chapter also introduces students to the concept of plant families, with Fabaceae, Solanaceae, and Liliaceae being the key examples. Exemplar questions often include reasoning-based problems where students must classify plants into families based on their floral characteristics. This section is highly relevant for NEET aspirants, as many direct questions are asked from it. To prepare effectively, students should first master the NCERT textbook diagrams and tables, as these form the foundation. Solving Exemplar questions afterward helps in refining problem-solving skills, ensuring that concepts are clear and easily applicable in exams. In conclusion, NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 5 Morphology of Flowering Plants provides an in-depth exploration of plant structure and adaptations. By practicing these problems, students gain both theoretical knowledge and practical application skills, which are essential for excelling in board as well as entrance examinations.