Chapter 6: Political Parties – Class 10 Civics Notes

Class 10 Political parties are essential to the functioning of a democracy. They connect the government with the people and ensure representation of diverse opinions. Without parties, democracy would be incomplete.

Meaning and Role

A political party is an organized group of people with similar ideologies that seeks to gain political power through elections. Major roles of political parties include:

  • Contesting elections

  • Making laws and policies

  • Representing public interests

  • Providing choices to voters

In India, there are national and state-level parties recognized by the Election Commission. Major national parties include the Indian National Congress (INC) and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

Need for Political Parties

Political parties simplify decision-making by grouping similar interests. They promote leadership, accountability, and citizen participation. Without parties, forming stable governments would be nearly impossible.

Challenges to Political Parties

  1. Lack of internal democracy

  2. Dynastic succession

  3. Use of money and muscle power

  4. Neglect of genuine representation

Reforms like transparency in party funding, public awareness, and regular internal elections are essential to strengthen party systems.