Full form of CNC
The full form of CNC is Computerised Numerical Control. A CNC is a control system that controls equipment running on electronic digital computers. It regulates, optimizes, and records the movement of machine objects. It can be a router, grinder, laser cutter, welder, milling machine, etc. Compared to the old manual machines, CNC machines are fully automatic but require user operation. CNC means that a computer converts a design into numbers generated by CAD (Computer Aided Design) software. The numbers can be the coordinates of the graph and can track the movement of the cutter. In this way, the material is cut, designed, and shaped by the computer.
CNC is used to cut various hard materials, including wood, composites, aluminum, plastics, steel, and foam.
CNC Machine
- Generally, CNC-directed devices come with the different axes of motion, such as rotary linear, or both.
- Typically, two-dimensional machines, X and Y, cut the materials like lasers.
- Milling machines usually have at least three dimensions, X, Y, and Z.
- A couple of milling machines allow the cutter to proceed in a hemisphere of 180 degrees have five dimensions, two rotary axes, and the three linear axes.
- The robotic system arm comprises more than 5 axes.
Benefits of a CNC Machine
- CNC machines increase the efficiency and the completion of the product.
- It is based on the blueprint; it protects the company’s projections.
- Despite this, there is no need for a worker, technician, or mechanic to oversee it persistently, and the total efficiency and execution are enhanced because it is fully self-directive.
- Compared with manual labour, the CNC machine eliminates the working and running charges.
- Working on this is easy, saves time, and requires minimal guidance, supervision, and management.
- It can be modified by improvising the leading software which runs the device.
- CNC machines can be used persistently 24 hours a day.
Working of CNC Machines
Generally, CNC machines operate by multiple moving axes. The rotational motion is called rotary motion, but the motion can also be linear. It is possible to have both the types of movements happening at the same time. Cutting machines typically have two axes - X and Y. Equipment with five axes is also available. Furthermore, machines like robotic arms can have more than five axes.