Full Form of PSLV And GSLV

PSLV and GSLV are the two most reliable and versatile space launch vehicles in India. The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has developed them. Further, these launch vehicles have been instrumental in placing numerous satellites into orbit for domestic and international customers. Moreover, the success of these launch vehicles has paved the way for the development of even more advanced and capable launch vehicles. E.g., the reusable launch vehicle (RLV) and the semi-cryogenic engine technology (SCE-200) are currently under development. 

PSLV

The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is a four-stage launch vehicle. It can place satellites into sun-synchronous polar orbits and low earth and geosynchronous transfer orbits. PSLV's first and third stages use solid rocket motors, while the second and fourth stages use liquid rocket motors. It also employs strap-on motors to boost the thrust produced by the first stage. Additionally, depending on the number of strap-on boosters, the PSLV has several versions, including the core-alone version (PSLV-CA), PSLV-G, and PSLV-XL. In 1993, ISRO launched PSLV for the first time. Ever since, it has become one of the most reliable space launch vehicles in the world. With a success rate of over 95%, PSLV has launched various satellites, such as remote sensing, navigation, and scientific satellites. In addition, the vehicle is highly versatile and can accommodate many satellite payloads.

Quick Highlights of PSLV:

• Four-stage launch vehicle: The PSLV is a four-stage launch vehicle. It can place satellites into sun-synchronous polar orbits, low earth, and geosynchronous transfer orbits.
• Reliability: With a success rate of over 95%, the PSLV is considered one of the most reliable launch vehicles in the world.
• Versatility: The PSLV's versatility and ability to accommodate a wide range of satellite payloads.
• Wide range of satellite launches: The PSLV has been used to launch remote sensing satellites, navigation satellites, and scientific satellites, among others.

GSLV

The Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) is a three-stage launch vehicle designed to place satellites into geosynchronous orbits, where they can remain stationary relative to a fixed point on the earth's surface. This Satellite Launch Vehicle was first launched in 2001. Despite some initial failures, the GSLV has established itself as a reliable launch vehicle. Furthermore, ISRO is developing the GSLV in two different iterations. The GSLV Mk-II, the first version, can launch satellites with a lift-off mass of up to 2,500 kg to the GTO and up to 5,000 kg to the LEO. The GSLV MK-II is a three-staged vehicle. Its foremost stage contains a solid rocket motor. Whereas the second stage contains liquid fuel, and the last one (also known as the Cryogenic Upper Stage) consists of a cryogenic engine.

Additionally, GSLV can place heavy satellites into orbit, making it ideal for launching large communications satellites and other large payloads. Moreover, the vehicle has a success rate of around 80%. It has been used to launch several key satellites, including the INSAT-3D and INSAT-4CR weather satellites and the Chandrayaan-1 lunar mission.

Quick Highlights of GSLV

• Three-stage launch vehicle: The GSLV is a three-stage launch. It is capable of placing satellites into geosynchronous orbits, where they can remain stationary relative to a fixed point on the earth's surface.
• Heavy satellite capability: The GSLV can launch large communications satellites and other large payloads.
• Success rate: With a success rate of around 80%.
• Key missions: The GSLV has launched several key satellites, including weather satellites and the Chandrayaan-1 lunar mission.

Both PSLV and GSLV have played a crucial role in advancing India's space capabilities. They have also helped to establish the country as a major player in the global space industry. Finally, with a proven track record of successful launches, these vehicles may play a crucial role in India's space program for years to come.