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Full form of RFID

"Radio Frequency Identification" is the full form of RFID. It is an automated method of identification that uses contactless wireless radio frequency signals, with information digitally embedded in RFID tags or smart tags that can be interpreted using radio signals by a reader.

Data transfer takes place between such a reader and a moving object that can be detected and monitored. Since the information parsed from the tags is stored in a database, RFID can be considered equivalent to barcodes, or you can argue that the system that collects the tag data stores the data in the database.

  • A significant difference between QR codes or barcodes and RFID is that the data on RFID tags can be read out of sight, while conventional barcodes cannot.
  • RFID requires no physical contact between the tagged object and the scanner.
  • There appears to be a microchip mounted inside the tag that is used when the tag is exposed to radio signals to transmit data.
  • RFID tags are primarily used to record the progress of products in industries.

Structure of the RFID system

The RFID device includes an RFID reader and RFID tags.

RFID reader: It is a system that consists of one or more antennas that generate radio signals and receive signals from the RFID tag to interact with the RFID tag. An RFID reader is often referred to as an interrogator because the RFID tag is interrogated.

RFID tags

  • An integrated circuit is used to store and process data.
  • The antenna is used to transmit received signals.
  • The active tag is self-powered and allows a reading range of approximately 100 feet.
  • A passive tag does not have its own power source; the reader inductively powers passive tags. The most commonly used tags are passive tags and their read range is about 30 feet.

Types of RFID

There are mainly two types of RFID which are:

  • Based on the frequency and antenna, the Near Field RFID has a thin omni-directional reader antenna and a tag reading range of approximately 5mm to 10cm.
  • Far-Field RFID has a set of resonant, directional antennas and tags that can extend beyond 22.1m.

Uses

RFID is applicable in many sectors; few are listed below.

  • Tracking Document
  • Tracking Personnel
  • Tracking assets
  • Management of inventories
  • Manufacturing
  • Controlling access to limited zones
  • Supply chain control
  • ID badging
  • Healthcare and so on.