MCQ Questions for chapter-8 Vital villages, thriving towns

(d)

Exp. Arikamedu lies in the south of Pondicherry. This is the most famous archaeological site located in the southern India. This site was discovered in
1930s.Even Mortimer Wheeler conducted his best-known excavation in this place.

(a)

Exp. Arikamedu flourished as a trading center it can be proved by the discovery of the coins belonging to the Roman Empire in this site. Goods were taken from here to distant lands by using ships. In our ancient history it flourished as a port. Here the settlement was quite large in number.

(c)

Exp. This warehouse looks like a massive structure. It is made up of bricks. These warehouses were usually large plain buildings in industrial areas of cities and towns. They were mostly used by traders to store goods.

(d)

Exp. Arretine ware vessels were often made from moulds in order to imitate more expensive metal items. This was made by pressing wet clay into a stamped mould.

Exp. It originated from Arretium, the modern day town of Arezzo in Tuscany. Arretineware is a type of terra sigillata. It belongs to the group of the ancient Roman pottery. It is coated in a red slip that dates back from the BC to the first centuries AD.

(b)

Exp. In this type of pottery, a tall double-handed jars are found, which contain liquids such as wine or oil. An amphora is a type of ceramic vase having two handles and a long neck sharper than the body.

(d)

Exp. It is mostly black in colour and has a fine sheen. Northern black polished ware is made of smoothened clay and has a strikingly lustrous surface. The cores of such pots vary from place to place.

(c)

Exp. Silk clothes were manufactured at these places. All kinds of silk clothes were produced here. Both men and women worked in these centres.

(d)

Exp. The Shrenis controlled the trade. The Shrenis organised themselves like guilds. They even determined the rates of the goods, which were to be sold in the market.

(b)

Exp. In these banks, rich people deposited their money. The interest was used to support religious institutions like Monastries.

(a)

Exp. These coins have been given this name because their designs were punched on silver or copper metals. Representative symbols appear on this type of coins.

(a)

Exp. Mathura lies on the two major routes of travel and trade one running from the north west to the east and another from north to south. Its location helped it to emerge as an important settlement.

(d)

Exp. During Gupta period Mathura emerged as one of the important center for the creation of scultures. The Mathuran sculpture represents the Buddhist form who made it religious.

(c)

Exp. This can be proved by saying that farmers and herders from adjoining areas provided food for people living in the city. The fortification was made to protect it from the foreign invasion.

(d)

Exp. The Kushanas made it as their second capital around 2000 years ago. Its strategic location was the main factor. From here they can effectively control their Indian provinces also.

(c)

Exp. Mathurais situated on the bank ofthe river Yamuna. The religious importance of this place is that it is believed the Lord Krishna was born here.

(b)

Exp. These people actually dominated the Tamil region. They mostly occupied a vast track of land. They were economicaly sound and hence enjoyed a considerable influence in the administration.

(c)

Exp. In many case,s men from the same family held this position for generations.In most cases the village headmen enjoyed this position.

(b)

Exp. He was usually the richest man in the village. The king often asked him to collect taxes from the village. He had many slaves to cultivate his lands and perform the domestic work for him and his family.

(d)

Exp. This class dominated other classes in terms of population. They were small farmers having small pieces of land. Their size of land holding was very less.

(c)

Exp. The Grihapatis were owners of small tracts of land.Their living standard was not upto the standard. They lived in poverty and misery and had to pay lion share of their income as tax.

(a)

Exp. The other name for Kadaisiyar was Adimai. This class also comprised the slavery class. They were placed at the lowermost level in the society.

(c)

Exp. They were also called Dasa in northern India. This group comprised both men and women. They had to earn their livelihood by working on other people’s land.

(d)

Exp. The Jatakas are Buddhist parables and tales. They are parts of the loose parallels of the Panchtantra. For example, there is a story in the Jatakascalled the Kisa Gotami.

(c)

Exp. In some cases they have been used as toilets. They have also been used as drains and garbage dumps. These ring wells are mostly found in individual houses. They look like ceramic rings arranged one on top of the other.

(d)

Exp. Cities like Gandhara, Kamboja, Ujjain, Kasi, Pataliputra, Mathura, etc developed in this period. They were the biggest cities of their respective Mahajanapadas and slowly they became the main centre of political activities.

(c)

Exp. This Greek traveller had written a book called“Periplus of the Erythrean Sea”. This book was written in the first century B.C in which he has given the details of the coastal cities of India.

(c)

Exp. Megalithic culture was a purely iron culture. Weapons, which were used on the daily basis, were mostly made of iron. The Megalithic burials have been found from the site of Kanchipuram.

(c)

Exp. The sculptors have depicted scenes from towns and villages as well as of the forests. Many of these sculptors decorated railings, pillars and gateways of buildings that were visited by people.

(b)

Exp. This was one of the important port cities that flourished on the western coast of India. It played a great role in the ancient times and even served the medieval period of the Indian History. The city declined with the emergence of British as importance was given to Calcutta, Bombay and Madras.

(d)

Exp. These texts were composed around 2300 years ago. These texts were called sangam because they were supposed to have been composed and compiled in assemblies.

(c)

Exp. There were all together four assemblies. The Sangam period refers to the period between 300 BCE - 300 CE. Various works like Manimekalai, Silappadikaram, etc were compiled during this period.

(b)

Exp. Madurai was the capital of the Pandayas. All the poets from the nearby areas came in this assembly and participated in its literary development. The Sangam Age in Tamil Nadu witnessed prosperity in all spheres of life. The people of Sangam Age had a well- organized social life.

(b)

Exp. The Sanchi Stupa is one of the best maintained early stupas in central India. A railing covers the Sanchi Stupa with four carved gateways facing all the four directions.

(a)

Exp. The Greek sailors had described this city. They used to say that Barygaza used to import wine, copper, tin, etc from the foreign lands and exported ivory, agate, cotton, etc. to them.

(d)

Exp. This city was the most important city in Europe. Many dynasties, which dominated the European politics made this as their capital city. During this period we enjoyed stable trade relation with this city.

(b)

Ans. He was an important ruler of the Byzantine Empire. He ruled in and around 2000 years ago. He also constructed many temples and places.

(d)

Exp. This city is located on the banks of the River Tiber. This city gave birth to the Roman civilization, which was the first civilization in real sense in Europe.

(b)

Exp. These were open arenas covered by tiers of seats. From these seats, the citizens could watch all kinds of shows.