About Maharashtra Board HSC Biology Syllabus 2026-2027
The Maharashtra Board HSC Biology syllabus is designed to give students a strong foundation in life sciences while preparing them for competitive exams like NEET and further studies in medical, biotechnology, and allied fields. The syllabus is divided into units covering diverse aspects of biology, from molecular biology to ecology, ensuring that students not only gain theoretical knowledge but also develop practical skills. The first section of the syllabus focuses on reproduction in organisms, covering both asexual and sexual methods in plants and animals. This is followed by genetics and evolution, which introduce the principles of inheritance, Mendel’s experiments, the molecular basis of inheritance, and Darwin’s theory of evolution. Human physiology forms another major component, including the study of systems such as digestion, respiration, circulation, excretion, and neural coordination. Plant physiology is equally emphasized, with detailed concepts of photosynthesis, respiration, transport in plants, and growth regulation.
Biotechnology and its applications are included to expose students to modern scientific advancements like genetic engineering, cloning, and bioprocess technology. Ecology and environment sections highlight ecosystem dynamics, biodiversity conservation, pollution, and strategies for sustainable development. These chapters are highly relevant to current global issues, making students aware of the interaction between living organisms and their environment. The practical component of HSC Biology includes experiments such as slide preparation, observation of specimens, physiological experiments in plants, and study of ecosystems. Students are also trained in using microscopes, analyzing charts, and interpreting results, which enhances their scientific approach. The exam pattern for HSC Biology consists of theory and practical evaluation. The theory paper is usually of 70 marks, divided into sections such as objective questions, short answers, and long descriptive answers. Practical work and viva carry 30 marks, making it crucial for students to focus equally on both components. The previous year HSC questions are based on prescribed chapters, ensuring that all units are systematically evaluated. The syllabus not only prepares students for board exams but also strengthens their base for higher education in medicine, pharmacy, and life sciences. By integrating theoretical concepts with hands-on experiments, the Maharashtra Board ensures a balanced approach to learning. Students are encouraged to practice previous year question papers, sample tests, and regular revisions to score high. Overall, the HSC Biology syllabus helps students understand the complexity of life processes while nurturing analytical and critical thinking skills essential for future academic success.